Now considered the first urban culture of the Indian subcontinent, the Harappan civilization was unknown to scholars until the twentieth century. Intrigued by large, earth-covered mounds at Harappa, on the Ravi River in the Punjab province of present-day Pakistan, archaeologists began excavating the site in 1921.
1996, Elizabeth E. Broadrup, "Kot Diji (Sind, Pakistan)," article in Trudy Ring, Robert M. Salkin, Sharon La Boda (editors), International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania, page 489