Definition of "Kaoteng"

The Reds may not be able to take Matsu but the lesser islands of Kaoteng or Peikantang seem less strong and their loss would put Matsu under artillery fire, making it hard to hold and even harder to supply.

1955 March 30, Fred Hampton, “Red Attack Being Awaited on Matsu Isle”, in The Gettysburg Times‎, volume 53, number 76, Gettysburg, PA, page 12, column 2; republished as Matsu Chief Sees Attack At Any Time‎, volume 76, number 134, East Liverpool, Ohio: East Liverpool Review, 1955 March 30, page 1, column 4

No single island in the 19-islet group bears the name of Matsu[.] It is named after a harbor of Nankan, the main island of the group. Nankan is 114 nautical miles west of the northern Taiwan port of Chilung, and 114 nautical miles from Kinmen.Besides Nankan, other islands in the group are: Peikan, Kaoteng, Tungkun and Hsikun. Kaoteng is only 5 5 nautical miles from the closest mainland point and has been the occasional target of Communist gunners for years. The total land area is only 29 3 sq km. (11.3 sq. mi) Nankan alone has 4.03 sq. km. (10.44 sq mi.) of the total. Located in the fishing area of Fukien, the Matsus are naturally the home of a fishing population. On Nankan there are two good harbors, Fuyu and Matsu.

1959, Sampson C. Shen, editor, China Yearbook 1958-1959‎, Taipei, Taiwan: China Publishing Co., page 99

A Nationalist defense communique said the Communists fired 87 rounds at Tateng Island, in the Quemoy complex, and 16 rounds at Kaoteng in the Matsu group 150 miles to the north.

1959 September 17 , “Reds Shell Islands”, in The Washington Post‎, volume 82, number 286, page A11

The archipelago's Kaoteng Island lies a mere 9,250 metres from the mainland's Peijiao peninsula, while Tungchu island at the extreme southeast of the archipelago is all of 114 nautical miles distant from Keelung, Taiwan.

1985, 勝利之光‎, 新中國出版社, page 24, column 1

The islands inside the baseline, including Tungyin Island, Kaoteng Island, the Matsu Islands, the Paichuan Islands, Wuchiu Island, the Greater and Lesser Quemoy Islands, Tatan Island, Erhtan Island and Tungting Island, are islands of the Chinese inland waters.

2021, Keyuan Zou, “China and the Law of the Sea: Historical Aspects”, in Dai Tamada, Keyuan Zou, editors, Implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea: State Practice of China and Japan‎, pages 8–9