Definition of "first-hand"

In order to gain first-hand experience of the operation of the new services I made a footplate journey on the only down two-hour train in the current timetable, the 8.30 a.m. Paddington [to Birmingham], a new express put on to offset the withdrawal of the 8.40 a.m. from Euston.

1960 February, R. C. Riley, “The London-Birmingham services - Past, Present and Future”, in Trains Illustrated, page 103

Its primary role is to enable Network Rail's engineers, management and stakeholders to see the condition of the infrastructure and track first-hand - in the warm and dry, and in a position of safety.

2022 December 14, Pip Dunn, “Caroline is ready for inspection...”, in RAIL, number 972, page 48