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countable and uncountable, plural penalities
The quality or state of being penal; liability to punishment. quotations examples
Many of the Ancients denied the Antipodes, and some unto the penality of contrary affirmations
1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […]
penality is not merely an effect or a specific result of neoliberalism but is a core defining feature.
2020, Roger Hopkins Burke, Contemporary Criminological Theory