Definition of "suborn"
suborn
verb
third-person singular simple present suborns, present participle suborning, simple past and past participle suborned
(also figuratively) To induce (someone) to commit an unlawful or malicious act, especially in a corrupt manner.
Quotations
Till thou to ſpit the venome of thy ſpite, / Subornedſt Cupid how he ſoone might ſlay me, / Abandoning his bowe and arrowes quite, / You laid his priuie complot to betray me; […]
1600, Samuel Nicholson, “Sic incipit Stultorum tragicomedia”, in Alexander B[alloch] Grosart, editor, Acolastus His After-witte (1600.): A Poem by Samuel Nicholson, […], Manchester: […] [Charles E. Simms] for the subscribers, published 1876, page 44, lines 931–934
[H]ee ſuborneth one named Saulus and the ſouldiers of the Ievves to follovv the Gothes hard at the heeles, vvho killing ſome thouſands of them, oportunitie beeing offered, might by that meanes exaſperat at the mindes of the people and mooue them to breake the league.
1610, Ioannes Lodovicus Vives [i.e., Juan Luis Vives], “An Advertisement of Ioannes Lodovicus Vives of Valentia. Declaring What Manner of People the Gothes were, and How They Tooke Rome.”, in Saint Augustine, translated by J[ohn] H[ealey], St. Augustine, of the Citie of God: […], [London]: […] George Eld
(specifically, criminal law) To induce (someone, such as a witness) to commit perjury, for example by making a false accusation or giving false evidence.
Quotations
[Y]ou shall finde their tongues chayned to another mans trencher, and as it were, Knights of the Post, suborned to say, sweare and stare the uttermost they can, as those that passe not what they say, nor with what face they say it, so they say no truth.
1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […]; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, page 169
By heauen (fond vvretch) yͧ knovvſt not vvhat thou ſpeak'ſt, / Or elſe thou art ſuborn'd againſt his honor / In hatefull practiſe: […]
c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, [Act V, scene i], page 80, column 2
[I]n the heat of their quarrel there came in a witness suborned by some of Mariamne's enemies, who accused her to the king [Herod the Great] of a design to poison him.The spelling has been modernized.
1711 September 26 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison], “SATURDAY, September 15, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 171; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume II, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, page 391
[A]n attempt to suborn a person to commit perjury, upon a reference to the judges, was unanimously holden by them to be a misdemeanor.
1819, W[illia]m Oldnall Russell, “Of Indictable Offences”, in A Treatise on Crimes and Misdemeanors. […], volume I, London, Dublin: […] [J. & T. Clarke] for Joseph Butterworth and Son, […]; and J. Cooke, […], book I, page 63
Boethius, again, says that the Gothic courtiers hated him, and suborned branded scoundrels to swear away his life and that of the senate, because he had opposed 'the hounds of the palace,' Amigast, Trigulla, and other greedy barbarians.
1864, Charles Kingsley, “Lecture V. Dietrich’s End.”, in The Roman and the Teuton: A Series of Lectures Delivered before the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, London: Macmillan and Co., page 146
To achieve (some result; specifically, perjury) in a corrupt manner.
Quotations
[U]pon ſingle Perjuries ſuborned by themſelves they condemned Men unheard, and ſold their Eſtates vvithout ſuffering them to ſpeak for themſelves— […]
1659, Samuel Butler, “Two Speeches Made in the Rump-Parliament, when It was Restor’d by the Officers of the Army in the Year 1659”, in R[obert] Thyer, editor, The Genuine Remains in Verse and Prose of Mr. Samuel Butler, […], volume I, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1759, page 303
[F]or my part, I vvould as ſoon ſuborn an Evidence at an Aſſize, as a Vote at an Election.
1736 March 16 (first performance; Gregorian calendar), Henry Fielding, Pasquin. A Dramatick Satire on the Times: […], 2nd edition, Dublin: […] S. Powell, for George Risk […], George Ewing […], and William Smith […], published 1736, Act I, page 9
(archaic)
To procure or provide (something) secretly and often in a dishonest manner.
Quotations
In a golden bowl / She then suborn'd a potion, in her soul / Deform'd things thinking; for amidst the wine / She mix'd her man-transforming medicine; […]
1614–1615, Homer, “The Tenth Book of Homer’s Odysseys”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume I, London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, page 238, lines 421–424
Firm we ſubſiſt, yet poſſible to ſwerve, / Since Reaſon not impoſſibly may meet / Some ſpecious object by the Foe ſubornd, […]
1667, John Milton, “Book VIII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […]; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, lines 359–361
Behold of ev'ry age; ripe manhood ſee, / Decrepit years, and helpleſs infancy: / Thoſe who, by lingring ſickneſs, loſe their breath; / And thoſe vvho, by deſpair, ſuborn their death: […]
1674 (date written), John Dryden, The State of Innocence, and Fall of Man: An Opera. […], London: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] for Henry Herringman, […], published 1677, Act V, page 43
Be ready at my Call, my choſen fevv / VVith arms adminiſter'd ſhall aid thy Crevv. / Then entring unexpected vvill vve ſeize / Our deſtin'd Prey, from Men diſſolv'd in eaſe; / By VVine diſabled, unprepar'd for Fight; / And haſt'ning to the Seas ſuborn our Flight: […]
1700, [John] Dryden, “Cymon and Iphigenia, from Boccace”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], page 561
From this curſt hour, the fraudful dame / Of ſacred Truth uſurps the name, / And, vvith a vile, perfidious mind, / Roams far and near, to chat mankind; / Falſe ſighs ſuborns, and artful tears, / And ſtarts vvith vain pretended fears; […]
a. 1722, Matthew Prior, “Husband and Wife”, in The Poetical Works of Matthew Prior […], volume II, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan, […], published 1779, pages 169–170
The informer Diocleides was hailed as savior of the city, crowned with a wreath, and taken in honor to the Prytaneum where he dined at public expense. In their excitement and gratitude the Athenians noted neither his attempt to suborn a bribe nor his delay in seeking public safety.
1981, Donald Kagan, “Sacrilege and Departure”, in The Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition, Ithaca, N.Y., London: Cornell University Press, part 2 (The Sicilian Expedition), page 200
To make use of (something), especially for corrupt or dishonest reasons.
Quotations
Nor is he onely content to ſuborne Divine Juſtice in his cenſure of vvhat is paſt, but he aſſumes the perſon of Chriſt himſelf to prognoſticate over us vvhat he vviſhes vvould come.
1649, J[ohn] Milton, “Vpon the Armies Surprisall of the King at Holmeby”, in ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], page 210
(obsolete)
To aid, assist, or support (something).
Quotations
And fell much wood, that all night we may keep / Plenty of fires, even till the light bring forth the lovely morn; / And let their brightness glaze the skies, that night may not suborn / The Greeks' escape, […]The spelling has been modernized.
, Homer, “Book VIII”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter; The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], new edition, volume I, London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, page 193
To furnish or provide (something).
Quotations
And ſurely if the purpoſe be in good earneſt not to vvrite at leaſure that vvhich mẽ [men] may read at leaſure, but really to inſtruct and ſuborne Action and actiue life, theſe Georgickes of the mind concerning the huſbãdry & tillage thereof, are no leſſe vvorthy thẽ the heroical deſcriptiõs of vertue, duty, & felicity vvherfore the maine & primitiue diuiſion of Morall knovvledge ſeemeth to be into the Exemplar or Platforme of Good, and the Regiment or Culture of the mind; […]
1605, Francis Bacon, “The Second Booke”, in The Twoo Bookes of Francis Bacon. Of the Proficience and Aduancement of Learning, Diuine and Humane, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot and Thomas Creede] for Henrie Tomes, […], folios 71, recto – 71, verso
To substitute (a thing) for something else, especially secretly and often in a dishonest manner.
Quotations
I wiſh unto thee all ſuperabundant increaſe of the ſingular gifts of abſurditie and vaine glory: […] in ſupplanting and ſetting aſide the true children of the Engliſh, and ſuborning inkehorne changlings in their ſteade; […]That is, substituting inkhorn (“obscurely scholarly”) words derived from other languages for ordinary English words.
1592, Tho[mas] Nashe, Strange Newes, of the Intercepting Certaine Letters and a Convoy of Verses, […], London: […] Iohn Danter, […]; republished in J[ohn] Payne Collier, editor, Illustrations of Early English Literature (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), volume II, London: Privately printed, page 74