Definition of "Hankow"

In February, 1860, the Yang-tse was for the first time opened by treaty to the ships of other nations, and the “Scotland,” commanded by Captain A. D. Dundas, R. N., and belonging to W. S. Lindsay, an auxiliary screw steamship of 1,100 tons gross register, was the first foreign merchant vessel which loaded a cargo from Shanghai to Hankow, bringing back teas for transshipment to Europe and America; but it was not until 1863 that any English vessel loaded a cargo direct from Hankow for Great Britain.

1883, George H. Preble, A Chronological Study of the Origin and Development of Steam Navigation‎, Philadelphia: L. R. Hamersly & Co., page 225

Hankow, a very important Treaty Port, is almost exactly in the centre of China. North and South China are divided by the Yangtze; East and West China are divided by the route from Peking to Canton. These two dividing lines meet at Hankow, which has long been an important strategical point in Chinese history. From Peking to Hankow there is a railway, formerly Franco- Belgian, now owned by the Chinese Government. From Wuchang, opposite Hankow on the southern bank of the river, there is to be a railway to Canton, but at present it only runs half-way, to Changsha, also a Treaty Port. The completion of the railway, together with improved docks, will greatly increase the importance of Canton and diminish that of Hong-Kong.

1922, Bertrand Russell, The Problem of China‎, London: George Allen & Unwin, page 75

Besides engaging in regular evangelistic activity, Rev. Meyer taught for some time in the Chinese Lutheran Theological seminary in Hankow. From 1937 to 1940 he was acting superintendent of the Luthern orphanage at Enshih in southwest Hupeh.

1942, “REV. HERBERT MEYER, CHINESE MISSIONARY, ASSUMES DUTIES OF PASTOR OF LUTHERAN CHURCH”, in Petaluma Argus-Courier‎, Petaluma, California, page 2

The population is mostly concentrated in the eastern lowlands where the Han river joins the Yangtze at the great tri-city metropolis of Wu-han (q.v.). This major industrial and commercial centre had a population of 2,146,000 in 1957, with the heavier concentration in Hankow, the most important city in central China. The first bridge over the Yangtze, constructed there in 1956, permits through traffic from Peking to Canton. Commercially, Wu-han (Hankow, Wu-ch'ang and Han-yang) municipality commands the gateway to the Szechwan basin in the west and to Hunan and Kweichow in the south and southwest. Ocean-going steamships reach Wu-han and transport products to Shanghai and abroad. Across the Han river bridge from Hankow is the heavy-industry centre of Han-yang. From the latter runs the great bridge across the Yangtze joining Hankow and the provincial seat of Wu-ch'ang.

1968, “HUPEH”, in Encyclopedia Britannica‎, volume 11, page 902, column 1

When he heard of this uprising, Mao Tse-tung immediately organized a small communist force where he was in Hankow. While estimates of its strength vary, O'Ballance indicates that "it was probably about 1000 armed men, some of whom were Nationalist troops from the Hankow garrison who had revolted ... [Ibid., italics added]."

1974, D. E. H. Russell, Rebellion, Revolution, and Armed Force‎, Academic Press, page 111

In the winter of 1926 my mother, eldest sister, Madame K'ung and I left Shanghai for Hankow to visit our brother T.V. and our other sister. Hankow and Wuchang, the twin cities in eastern Central China, often shortened to the acronym Wuhan, made ever famous in Chinese history and folklore by the tales of the Three Kingdoms, are situated on the opposite banks of the Yangtze River. Wuchang in that year became the provisional situs of the Nationalist Government while Hankow was where most of the executive government offices were located.

1976 October 31, Madame Chiang Kai-shek, “Conversations with Mikhail Borodin”, in Free China Weekly Supplement‎, volume XVII, number 43, Taipei, page 1

Several bang provided the labor for the Peking-Hankow Railroad. In the workshop in Jiang'an near Hankow, for instance, workers belonged either to the Hubei, Tianjin, or Guangdong bang.⁵⁹

1991, Hans J. Van de Ven, From Friend to Comrade: the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party, 1920-1927‎, University of California Press, page 112

Ebullient and purposeful, Johnson rose quickly among the Foreign Service's small corps of China hands. His postings included Harbin, Mukden, Chongqing, and Hankow, and he served as assessor to the Mixed Court in Shanghai.

2013, David Mayers, FDR's Ambassadors and the Diplomacy of Crisis‎, Cambridge University Press, page 98