2000, John H. McWhorter, The Missing Spanish Creoles: Recovering the Birth of Plantation Contact Languages, University of California Press, pages 187–188
2001, Robert Chaudenson, Salikoko S. Mufwene, and Sheri Pargman, Creolization of Language and Culture (English edition of Robert Chaudenson, Des îles, des hommes, des langues), Routledge, page 47