Definition of "adjunct"

Lie here ye weedes that I diſdaine to weare,This compleat armor, and this curtle-axeAre adiuncts more beſeeming Tamburlaine.

c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, (please specify the page)

Learning is but an adiunct to our ſelfe,And where we are, our Learning likewiſe is.

c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, [Act IV, scene iii], page 135

Lord Cottington (as an adjunct of singular experience and trust)

1641, Henry Wotton, A Parallel between Robert late Earl of Essex and George late Duke of Buckingham

When a female enters the profession, she is generally not referred to as doctor but as a lady doctor or woman doctor. The use of "feminizing" adjuncts designates a deviation from the norm, doctor, and does not carry the weight of the term unmodified.

1981 April 4, Signe A. Dayhoff, “Sexist Language: You Become Your Label”, in Gay Community News, page 9

We can see from (34) that Determiners are sisters of N-bar and daughters of N-double-bar; Adjuncts are both sisters and daughters of N-bar; and Complements are sisters of N and daughters of N-bar. This means that Adjuncts resemble Complements in that both are daughters of N-bar; but they differ from Complements in that Adjuncts are sisters of N-bar, whereas Complements are sisters of N. Likewise, it means that Adjuncts resemble Determiners in that both are sisters of N-bar, but they differ from Determiners in that Adjuncts are daughters of N-bar, whereas Determiners are daughters of N-double-bar.

1988, Andrew Radford, Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 177

Though that my death were adiunct to my Act,By heauen I would doe it.

c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, [Act III, scene iii], page 11

I also nannied through the first part of graduate school. I had friends who bartended or worked at a wine store and also adjuncted. A lot of people would package these jobs together.

2015 November 24, Noah Davis, quoting Monica Brannon, “How Do You Make a Living, Visiting Professor?”, in Pacific Standard‎, Santa Barbara, C.A.: The Miller-McCune Center […], archived from the original on 2022-08-18

A sudden fantasy emerges of Adam adjuncting at Hannah's college, a sweet Mr. Mom to Paul-Louis' (Riz Ahmed) baby while Hannah becomes a professor slash internet celeb -- but there I go writing fanfiction.

2017 April 15, Emily Jordan, “Let me be misunderstood: The final episode of HBO's "Girls" and how we really feel about Hannah Horvath”, in Salon.com‎, archived from the original on 2023-08-23

In Want, out this month, Strong homes in on those themes. In this novel, her second, narrator Elizabeth is raising two small children with her husband, a carpenter, in New York City, while going through a bankruptcy and teaching low-income students at a charter school and adjuncting at a prestigious university.

2020 July 7, Lydia Kiesling, “’To fail but still mostly be safe’: Lynn Steger Strong wrestles with precarity and privilege”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, archived from the original on 2022-09-28

I wish I had a cut and dry answer to this question. When I adjunct at the University of Baltimore, I get asked a similar question by my students every semester.

2022 July 26, Donte Kirby, quoting Tronster Hartley, “Want to break into tech? Software devs say to learn these coding languages”, in Technical.ly‎, archived from the original on 2022-12-09