Definition of "surcharge"

surcharge

/ˈsɜː(ɹ)t͡ʃɑː(ɹ)d͡ʒ/

noun
plural surcharges
1. An addition of extra charge on the agreed or stated price.
2. The part of the price of a subsidized good or service that is not covered by the subsidy and so must be paid by the consumer.
3. An excessive price charged e.g. to an unsuspecting customer.
4. (philately) An overprint on a stamp that alters (usually raises) the original nominal value of the stamp; used especially in times of hyperinflation.
5. (art) A painting in lighter enamel over a darker one that serves as the ground.
6. (law) A charge that has been omitted from an account as payment of a credit to the charged party
7. (law) A penalty for failure to exercise common prudence and skill in the performance of a fiduciary's duties.
8. (obsolete) An excessive load or burden.
  Quotations
  A Numerous Nobility, cauſet Pouerty, and Inconuenience in a State: For it is a Surcharge of Expence;
  1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Nobility. XIIII.”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, page 73
9. (law, obsolete) The putting, by a commoner, of more animals on the common than he is entitled to.
verb
third-person singular simple present surcharges, present participle surcharging, simple past and past participle surcharged
1. To apply a surcharge.
2. To overload; to overburden.
  Quotations
  My heauy hart I feare will breake in twaine,Surcharged with a heauie loade of thoughts.
  1593, anonymous author, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], Act I
  Your head reclin’d, (as hiding grief from view,) / Droops, like a Roſe ſurcharg’d with morning Dew.
  1675, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe: A Tragedy. […], London: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] for Henry Herringman, […], published 1676, Act III, page 33
  The threat was soon fulfilled; the evening came on, prematurely darkened by clouds that seemed surcharged with a deluge.
  1820, [Charles Robert Maturin], Melmoth the Wanderer: A Tale. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Company, and Hurst, Robinson, and Co., […], page 150
  The first, on January 1, 1883, was attributed to the overlay becoming surcharged with water, due to insufficient drainage, and causing a slip.
  1943 March and April, “A British Avalanche Shelter”, in Railway Magazine, page 80
3. (law) To overstock; especially, to put more cattle into (e.g. a common) than one has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain.
  Quotations
  Another diſturbance of common is by ſurcharging it; or putting more cattle therein than the paſture and herbage will ſuſtain, or the party hath a right to do.
  1768, William Blackstone, “Of Disturbance”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book III (Of Private Wrongs), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, page 237
4. To show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been given.
  Quotations
  The Idle multitude surcharge their laies
  1599, Samuel Daniel, Musophilus

Definition of "surcharge"

surcharge

noun

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verb

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Quotations